Design Act, 1911 :: Indian Bare Acts
1. Short title extent and commencement
(1) This Act may be called the Designs Act
1911.
(2) It extends to the whole of
2. Definitions
In this Act unless there is anything repugnant
in the subject or context :
(1) Omitted by Patents Act 1970;
(2) "article" means any article of
manufacture and any substance, artificial or natural or partly artificial and
partly natural;
(3) "Controller" means the
Controller General of Patents Designs and Trade Marks appointed under
sub-section (1) of section 4 of the Trade and Merchandise Marks Act 1958;
(4) "copyright" means the exclusive
right to apply a design to any article in any class in which the design is
registered;
(5) "design" means only the features
of shape configuration patterns or ornament applied to any article by any
industrial process or means whether manual mechanical or chemical separate or
combined which in the finished article appeal to and are judged solely by the eye;
but does not include any mode or principle of construction or anything which is
in substance a mere mechanical device and does not include any trade mark as
defined in clause (v) of sub-section (1) of section 2 of the Trade and
Merchandise Marks Act 1958 or property marks as defined in section 479 of the
Indian Penal Code;
(6) [Omitted by Patents Act 1970]
(7) "High Court" means -
(a) in relation to a
State the High Court for that State;
(b) in relation to the
Union
(c) in relation to the
Union territory of Arunachal Pradesh or Mizoram the Gauhati High Court the High
Court of Assam, Nagaland Meghalaya Manipur and
Tripura;
(d) in relation to the
Union territory of Andaman and Nicobar Islands the High Court at Calcutta; and
(e) in relation to the
Union territory of Lakshadweep the High Court of
Kerala
(ee) in relation to
the Union Territory of Chandigarh the High Court of Punjab and
Haryana;
(f) in relation to the
Union territories of Dadra and Nagar Haveli and Goa Daman and Diu the High
Court at Bombay;
(g) in relation to the
Union territory of Pondicherry the High Court at Madras
(8) [Omitted by Patents Act
1970]
(9) "Legal representative" means a
person who in law represents the estate of a deceased person
(10) and (11) [Omitted by Patents Act
1970]
(12) "patent office" means the
patent office referred to in section 74 of the Patents Act 1970;
(13) "prescribed" includes prescribed
by rules under this Act; and
(14) "proprietor of a new or original
design" -
(a) where the author
of the design for good consideration, executes the work for some other person
means the person for whom the design is so executed; and
(b) where any person acquires the design or the right to apply the design to any article either exclusively of any other person or otherwise means in the respect and to the extent in and to which the design or right has been so acquired the person by whom the design or right is so acquired; and
(c) in any other case
means the author of the design;
and where the property in or the right to
apply the design has devolved from the original proprietor upon any other
person includes that other person.
Comment: The fundamental principle of Patent Law is that a patent is granted only for an invention that must be new and useful. That is to say, it must have novelty and utility. M/s. Bishwanath Prasad Radhey Shyam v. M/s. Hindustan Metal Industries. AIR 1982 SUPREME COURT 1444
2A. Rule of construction in application of Act to Part B States
[Repealed by the Part B States (Laws) Act
1951]
[Part I comprising ss.3 to 42 both inclusive
have been omitted by the Patents Act1970(39of1970) s.12andSch.w.e.f.
43. Application for registration of designs
(1) The Controller may on the application of
any person claiming to be the proprietor of any new or original design not
previously published in
(2) The application must be made in the
prescribed form and must be left at the Patent Office in the prescribed manner
and must be accompanied by the prescribed fee.
(3) The same design may be registered in more
than one class and in case of doubt as to the class in which a design ought to
be registered the Controller may decide the question.
(4) The Controller may if he thinks fit refuse
to register any design presented to him for registration; but any person aggrieved
by any such refusal may appeal to the Central Government.
(5) An application which owing to any default
or neglect on the part of the applicant has not been completed so as to enable
registration to be effected within the prescribed time shall be deemed to be
abandoned.
(6) A design when registered shall be registered as of the date of the application for registration.
44. Registration of designs in new classes
Where a design has been registered in one or
more classes of goods the application of the proprietor of the design to
register it in some one or more other classes shall not be refused nor shall
the registration thereof be invalidated (a) on the ground of the design not
being a new or original design by reason only that it was so previously
registered; or
(b) on the ground of the design having been
previously published in India by reason only that it has been applied to goods
of any class in which it was so previously registered :
Provided that such subsequent registration shall not extend the period of copyright in the design beyond that arising from previous registration.
45. Certificate of registration
(1) The Controller shall grant a certificate
of registration to the proprietor of the design when registered.
(2) The Controller may in case of loss of the original certificate or in any other case in which he deems it expedient furnish one or more copies of the certificate.
46. Register of Designs
(1) There shall be kept at the Patent Office a
book called the Register of Designs wherein shall be entered the names and
addresses of proprietors of registered designs notifications of assignments and
of transmissions of registered designs and such other matters as may be
prescribed.
(2) The Register of Designs existing at the
commencement of this Act shall be incorporated with and form a part of the
register of designs under this Act.
(3) The register of designs shall be prima facie evidence of any matters by this Act directed or authorized to be entered therein.
47. Copyright on registration
(1) When a design is registered the registered
proprietor of the design shall subject to the provisions of this Act have
copyright in the design during five years from the date of registration.
(2) If before the expiration of the said five
years application for the extension of the period of copyright is made to the
Controller in the prescribed manner the Controller shall on payment of the
prescribed fee extend the period of copyright for a second period of five years
from the expiration of the original period of five years.
(3) If before the expiration of such second period of five years application for the extension of the period of copyright is made to the Controller in the prescribed manner the Controller may subject to any rules under this Act on payment of the prescribed fee extend the period of copyright for a third period of five years from the expiration of the second period of five years.
48. Requirements before delivery on sales
(1) Before delivery on sale of any articles to
which a registered design has been applied the proprietor shall -
(a) (if exact
representation or specimens were not furnished on the application for
registration) furnish to the Controller the prescribed number of exact
representations or specimens of the design; and if he fails to do so the
Controller may erase his name from the register and thereupon the copyright in
the design shall cease; and
(b) cause each such
article to be marked with the prescribed mark or with the prescribed words or
figures denoting that the design is registered; and if he fails to do so the
proprietor shall not be entitled to recover any penalty or damages in respect
of any infringement of his copyright in the design unless he shows that he took
all proper steps to ensure the marking of the article or unless he shows that
the infringement took place after the person guilty thereof knew or had
received notice of the existence of the copyright in the design.
(2) Where a representation is made to the Central Government by or on behalf of any trade or industry that in the interests of the trade or industry it is expedient to dispense with or modify as regards any class or description of articles any of the requirements of this section as to marking the Central Government may if it thinks fit by rule under this Act dispense with or modify such requirements as regards any such class or description of articles to such extent and subject to such conditions as it thinks fit.
49. Effect of disclosure on copyright
The disclosure of a design by the proprietor to any other person in such circumstances as would make it contrary to good faith for that other person to use or publish the design and the disclosure of a design in breach of good faith by any person other than the proprietor of the design and the acceptance of a first and confidential order for goods bearing a new or original textile design intended for registration shall not be deemed to be a publication of the design sufficient to invalidate the copyright thereof if registration thereof is obtained subsequently to the disclosure or acceptance.
50. Inspection of registered designs
(1) During the existence of copyright in a
design or such shorter period not being less than two years from the
registration of the design as may be prescribed the design shall not be open to
inspection except by the proprietor or a person authorized in writing by him or
a person authorized by the Controller or by the Court and furnishing such
information as may enable the Controller to identify the design and shall not
be open to the inspection of any person except in the presence of the
Controller or of an officer acting under him and on payment of the prescribed
fee; and the person making the inspection shall not be entitled to take any
copy of the design or of any part thereof :Provided that where registration of
a design is refused on the ground of identity with a design already registered
the applicant for registration shall be entitled to inspect the design so
registered.
(2) After the expiration of the copyright in a
design or such shorter period as aforesaid the design shall be open to
inspection and copies thereof may be taken by any person on payment of the
prescribed fee.
(3) Different periods may be prescribed under this section for different classes of goods.
51. Information as to existence of copyright
On the request of any person furnishing such information as may enable the Controller to identify the design and on payment of the prescribed fee the Controller shall inform such person whether the registration still exists in respect of the design and if so in respect of what classes of goods and shall state the date of registration and the name and address of the registered proprietor.
51A. Cancellation of registration
(1) Any person interested may present a
petition for the cancellation of the registration of a design -
(a) at any time after
the registration of the design to the High Court on any of the following
grounds namely -
(i) that the design
has been previously registered in
(ii) that it has been
published in
(iii) that the design
is not a new or original design; or
(b) within one year
from the date of the registration to the Controller on either of the grounds
specified in sub-clauses (i) and (ii) of clause (a).
(2) An appeal shall lie from any order of the Controller under this section to the High Court and the Controller may at any time refer any such petition to the High Court and the High Court shall decide any petition so referred.
51B. Designs to bind government
A registered design shall have to all intents the like effect as against government as it has against any person and the provisions of Chapter XVII of the Patents Act 1970 shall apply to registered designs as they apply to patents.
52. Provisions as to exhibitions
The exhibition of a design or of any article
to which a design is applied at an industrial or other exhibition to which the
provisions of this section have been extended by the Central Government by
notification in the Official Gazette or the publication of a description of the
design during the period of the holding of the exhibition or the exhibition of
the design or the article or the publication of a description of the design by
any person elsewhere during or after the period of the holding of the exhibition
without the privity or consent of the proprietor shall not prevent the design
from being registered or invalidate the registration thereof :
Provided that -
(a) the exhibitor exhibiting the design or
article or publishing a description of the design gives to the Controller
previous notice in the prescribed form; and
(b) the application for registration is made within six months from the date of first exhibiting the design or article or publishing a description of the design.
53. Piracy of registered design
(1) During the existence of copyright in any
design it shall not be lawful for any person -
(a) for the purpose of
sale to apply or cause to be applied to any article in any class of goods in
which the design is registered the design or any fraudulent or obvious
imitation thereof except with the license or written consent of the registered
proprietor or to do anything with a view to enable the design to be so applied;
or
(aa) to import for the
purposes of sale without the consent of the registered proprietor any article
belonging to the class in which the design has been registered and having
applied to it the design or any fraudulent or obvious imitation thereof; or
(b) knowing that the
design or any fraudulent or obvious imitation thereof has been applied to any
article in any class of goods in which the design is registered without the
consent of the registered proprietor to publish or expose or cause to be
published or exposed for sale that article.
(2) If any person acts in contravention of
this section he shall be liable for every contravention -
(a) to pay to the
registered proprietor of the design a sum not exceeding five hundred rupees
recoverable as a contract debt or
(b) if the proprietor
elects to bring a suit for the recovery of damages for any such contravention
and for an injunction against the repetition thereof to pay such damages as may
be awarded and to be restrained by injunction accordingly :
Provided that the total sum
recoverable in respect of any one design under clause (a) shall not exceed one
thousand rupees.
(3) When the court makes a decree in a suit under sub-section (2) it shall send a copy of the decree to the Controller who shall cause an entry thereof to be made in the Register of Designs.
54. Application of certain provisions of the
Act as to patents to designs
The provisions of the Patents Act 1970 with regard to certificates of the validity of a patent and to the remedy in case of groundless threats of legal proceedings by a patentee shall apply in the case of registered designs in like manner as they apply in the case of patents with the substitution of references to the copyright in a design for references to a patent and of reference to the proprietor or a design for reference to the patentee and of references to the designs for references to the invention.
55. Patent Office
[Repealed by the Patents Act 1970 (39 of 1970)
section 162 and Schedule w.e.f.
57. Fees
(1) There shall be paid in respect of the
registration of designs and applications therefor and in respect of other
matters relating to designs under this Act such fees as may be prescribed by
the Central Government.
(2) A proceeding in respect of which a fee is payable under this Act or the rules made thereunder shall be of no effect unless the fee has been paid.
58. Notice of trust not to be entered in
registers
There shall not be entered in any register kept under this Act or be receivable by the Controller any notice of any trust expressed implied or constructive.
59. Inspection of and extracts from registers
Every register kept under this Act shall at all convenient times be open to the inspection of the public subject to the provision of this Act; and certified copies sealed with the seal of the Patent Office of any entry in any such register shall be given to any person requiring the same on payment of the prescribed fee.
59A. Information relating to patents
Repealed by the Patents Act 1970 (39 of 1970)
section 162 and Schedule w.e.f.
60. Privilege of reports of Controller
Reports of or to the Controller made under this Act shall not in any case be published or be open to public inspection.
61. Prohibition of publication of
specification drawings etc. where application abandoned etc.
(1) [Omitted by Patents Act 1970]
(2) Where an application for a design has been abandoned or refused the application and any drawings photographs tracing representations or specimens left in connection with the application shall not at any time be open to public inspection or be published by the Controller.
62. Power of Controller to correct clerical
errors
The Controller may on request in writing accompanied by the prescribed fee correct any clerical error in the representation of a design or in the name or address of the proprietor of any design or in any other matter which is entered upon the Register of Designs.
63. Entry of assignments and transmissions in registers
(1) Where a person becomes entitled by assignment transmission or other operation of law to the copyright in a registered design he may make application to the Controller to register his title and the Controller shall on receipt of such application and on proof of title to his satisfaction register him as the proprietor of such design and shall cause an entry to be made in the prescribed manner in the register of the assignment transmission or other instrument affecting the title.
(2) Where any person becomes entitled as mortgagee licensee or otherwise to any interest in a registered design he may make application to the Controller to register his title and the Controller shall on receipt of such application and on proof of title to his satisfaction cause notice of the interest to be entered in the prescribed manner in the Register of Designs with particulars of the instrument if any creating such interest.
(3) The person registered as the proprietor of a design shall subject to the provisions of this Act and to any rights appearing from the register to be vested in any other person have power absolutely to assign grant licenses as to or otherwise deal with the design and to give effectual receipts for any consideration for any such assignment license or dealing :
Provided that any equities in respect of the design may be enforced in like manner as in respect of any other movable property.
(4) Except in the case of an application made under section 64 a document or instrument in respect of which no entry has been made in the register in accordance with the provisions of sub-sections (1) and (2) shall not be admitted in evidence in any court in proof of the title to copyright in a design or to any interest therein unless the court for reasons to be recorded in writing otherwise directs.
64. Rectification of register
(1) The Controller may on the application in
the prescribed manner of any person aggrieved by the non-insertion in or
omission from the register of designs or any entry or by any entry made in such
register without sufficient cause or by any entry wrongly remaining on such
register or by an error or defect in any entry in such register make such order
for making expunging or varying such entry as he thinks fit and rectify the
register accordingly.
(2) The Controller may in any proceeding under
this section decide any question that it may be necessary or expedient to
decide in connection with the rectification of a register.
(3) An appeal shall lie to the High Court from
any order of the Controller under this section; and the Controller may refer any
application under this section to the High Court for decision and the High
Court shall dispose of any application so referred.
(4) Any order of the Court rectifying a
register shall direct that notice of the rectification be served on the
Controller in the prescribed manner who shall upon the receipt of such notice
rectify the register accordingly.
(5) Nothing in this section shall be deemed to
empower the Controller -
(a) Omitted by Patents
Act 1970.
(b) to make any such order canceling the registration of a design as is provided for in section 51A.
Powers of Controller in proceedings under Act.
65. Subject to any rules in this behalf, the Controller in any proceedings before him under this Act shall have the powers of a Civil Court for the purpose of receiving evidence, administering oaths, enforcing the attendance of witness, compelling the discovery and production of documents, issuing commissions for the examining of witness and awarding costs and such award shall be executable in any Court having jurisdiction as if it were a decree of that Court.
67. Exercise of discretionary power by
Controller
Where any discretionary power is by or under this Act given to the Controller he shall not exercise that power adversely to the applicant for registration of a design without (if so required within the prescribed time by the applicant) giving the applicant an opportunity of being heard.
68. Power of Controller to take directions of
the Central Government
The Controller may in any case of doubt or difficulty arising in the administration of any of the provisions of this Act apply to the Central Government for directions in the matter.
69. Refusal to grant patent etc. in certain
cases
(1) The Controller may refuse to register a
design of which the use would in his opinion be contrary to law or morality.
(2) An appeal shall lie to the Central Government from an order of the Controller under this section.
70. Appeals to the Central Government
(1) Where an appeal is declared by this Act to
lie from the Controller to the Central Government the appeal shall be made
within three months of the date of the order passed by the Controller and shall
be in writing and accompanied by the prescribed fee.
(2) In calculating the said period of three
months the time (if any) occupied in granting a copy of the order appealed
against shall be excluded.
(3) The Central Government may if it thinks fit obtain the assistance of an expert in deciding such appeals and the decision of the Central Government shall be final.
70A. Evidence before the Controller
Subject to any rules made under section 77 in any proceeding under this Act before the Controller the evidence shall be given by affidavit in the absence of directions by the Controller to the contrary; but in any case in which the Controller thinks it right so to do he may take evidence viva voce in lieu of or in addition to evidence by affidavit or may allow any party to be cross-examined on the contents of his affidavit.
71. Certificate of Controller to be evidence
A certificate purporting to be under the hand of the Controller as to any entry matter or thing which he is authorized by this Act or any rules made thereunder to make or do shall be prima facie evidence of the entry having been made and of the contents thereof and of the matter or thing having been done or left undone.
71A. Evidence of documents in Patent Office
Printed or written copies or extracts
purporting to be certificate by the Controller and sealed with the seal of the
Patent Office of documents in the Patent Office and of or from registers and
other books kept there shall be admitted in evidence in all courts in
Provided that a court may if it has reason to doubt the accuracy or authenticity of the copies tendered in evidence require the production of the originals or such further proof as it considers necessary.
73. Applications and notices by post
Any application notice or other document authorized or required to be left made or given at the Patent Office or to the Controller or to any other person under this Act may be sent by post.
74. Declaration by infant lunatic etc.
(1) If any person is by reason of infancy
lunacy or other disability incapable of making any statement or doing anything
required or permitted by or under this Act the lawful guardian committee or
manager (if any) of the person subject to the disability or if there be none
any person appointed by any court possessing jurisdiction in respect of his
property may make such statement or a statement as nearly corresponding thereto
as circumstances permit and do such thing in the name and on behalf of the
person subject to the disability.
(2) An appointment may be made by the court for the purposes of this section upon the petition of any person acting on behalf of the person subject to the disability or of any other person interested in the making of the statement or the doing of the thing.
75. Subscription and verification of certain
documents
Repealed by the Patents Act 1970 (39 of 1970)
section 162 and Schedule w.e.f.
76. Agency
(1) All applications and communications to the
Controller under this Act may be signed by and all attendances upon the
Controller may be made by or through a legal practitioner or by or through an
agent authorized to the satisfaction of the Controller.
(2) The Controller may if he sees fit require
-
(a) any such agent to
be resident in
(b) any person not
residing in
(c) the personal signature or presence of any applicant or other person.
77. Power for Central Government to make rules
(1) The Central Government may make such rules
as it thinks expedient subject to the provisions of this Act -
(a) for regulating the
practice of registration under this Act;
(b) for classifying
goods for the purposes of designs;
(c) for making or requiring
duplicates of drawings and other documents;
(d) for securing and
regulating the publishing and selling of copies at such prices and in such
manner as the Central Government thinks fit of drawings and other documents;
(e) providing for the
inspection of documents in the Patent Office and for the manner in which they
may be published;
(ee) for the manner in
which fees leviable under this Act may be paid;
(f) generally or
regulating the business of the Patent Office the conduct of proceedings before
the Controller and all things by this Act placed under the direction or control
of the Controller or of the Central Government; and
(g) generally for the
purpose of carrying into effect the provisions of this Act.
(2) The power to make rules under this section
shall be subject to the condition of the rules being made after previous
publication.
(3) All rules made under this section shall be
published in the Official Gazette and no such publication shall have effect as
if enacted in this Act.
(4) Every rule made under this section shall be laid as soon as may be after it is made before each House of Parliament while it is in session for a total period of thirty days which may be comprised in one session of in two or more successive sessions and if before the expiry of the session immediately following the session or the successive sessions aforesaid both Houses agree in making any modifications in the rule or both Houses agree that the rule should not be made the rule shall thereafter have effect only in such modified form or be of no effect as the case may be so however that any such modification or annulment shall be without prejudice to the validity of anything previously done under that rule.
78A. Reciprocal arrangement with
(1) Any person who has applied for protection
for any design in the United Kingdom or his legal representative or assignee
shall either alone or jointly with any other person be entitled to claim that
the registration of the said design under this Act shall be in priority to
other applicants and shall have the same date as the date of the application in
the United Kingdom :
Provided that -
(a) the application is made within six months
from the application for protection in the
(b) nothing in this section shall entitle the
proprietor of the design to recover damages for infringements happening prior
to the actual date on which the design is registered in
(2) The registration of a design shall not be
invalidated by reason only of the exhibition or use of or the publication of a
description or representation of the design in
(3) The application for the registration of a
design under this section must be made in the same manner as an ordinary
application under this Act.
(4) Where it is made to appear to the Central Government that the legislature of any such Commonwealth country as may be notified by the Central Government in this behalf has made satisfactory provision for the protection of designs registered in India the Central Government may by notification in the Official Gazette direct that the provisions of this section with such variations or additions if any as may be set out in such notification shall apply for the protection of designs registered in that Commonwealth country.
78B. Special provisions relating to
applications relevant or defense purposes
Repealed by the Patents Act 1970 (39 of 1970)
section 162 and Schedule w.e.f.
78C. Special provisions in respect of
applications for patents in the field of food drug or medicine
[Repealed by the Patents Act 1970 w.e.f.
78D. Consequences of directions under section 78B or section 78C
Repealed by the Patents Act 1970 w.e.f.
78E. Contravention of directions under section 78B
[Repealed by the Patents Act 1970 w.e.f.
79. Saving for prerogative
[Repealed by the Adaptation of Laws Order 1950]
80. Repeal and saving
(1) If immediately before -
(i) the 18th day of
April 1950 in relation to any Part B State other than the State of Jammu &
Kashmir and
(ii) the date of
commencement of the Jammu & Kashmir (Extension of Laws) Act 1956 in
relation to the State of
Provided that the repeal shall not affect -
(a) the previous operation of any law so
repealed or anything duly done or suffered thereunder or
(b) any right privilege obligation or
liability acquired accrued or incurred under any law so repealed or
(c) any penalty forfeiture or punishment
incurred in respect of any offence committed against any law so repealed or
(d) any investigation legal proceeding or
remedy in respect of any such right privilege obligation liability penalty
forfeiture or punishment as aforesaid and any such investigation legal
proceeding or remedy may be instituted continued or enforced and any such
penalty forfeiture or punishment may be imposed as if this Act had not come
into force in the Part B State concerned :
Provided further that subject to the preceding proviso
anything done or any action taken including any patent permit or license
granted or registration effected under any such corresponding law shall be
deemed to have been done or taken under the corresponding provision of this Act
as now extended to the State and shall continue to be in force accordingly
unless and until superseded by anything done or any action taken under this
Act.
(2) Nothing contained in section 6 of the Part
B States (Laws) Act 1951 or section 5 of the Jammu and Kashmir (Extension of
Laws) Act 1956 shall have effect in relation to this Act.
81. Substitution of patents for rights under
repealed Act
[Repealed by the Repealing and Amending Act 1920]
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